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The New Canadian — May 3, 1983

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Page 1

The J.C. Redress Question ..

History of unfairness
from Canadian courts
By SHIN IMAI
In the first half of this century, provincial and federal gov­
ernments passed scores of laws discriminating against Ja­
panese Canadians. Because of this, the Issei pioneers found
themselves in courts regularly attempting to overturn the
laws, with only limited success.
The first important case dealt with the right to vote in pro­
vincial elections. Tomey Homma was a naturalized Canadian
but was not permitted to register asa voter because he was
Japanese. Homma went to court in 1900 to get the law over­
turned but was unsuccessful. The Privy Council in England,
the court of last appeal in triose days, decided the province
had the right to restrict voting to white people.
In the next few years, Japanese were successful in win­
ning a few court cases on immigration. At that time, a quota
restricted immigration of Japanese to a few hundred a year.
When British Columbia tried to prohibit Japanese immigration
completely in 1908, an immigrant named Nakane succeeded
in having the provincial law ruled unconstitutional.
The government of British Columbia imposed many re­
strictions on. employment opportunities for Japanese Cana­
dians during the 1920's, and several court cases resulted. In
one case, a TOkyo-trained lawyer named Jun Kisawa decided
to challenge a British Columbia law which prohibited Japa. nese Canadian fishermen from using motorboats. Kisawa is
said to have purposely broken this law in order to have a test
case in court. He told the-judge, “Canada is not only your
country butalsoourcountry-we are all Canadians,” and con­
cluded his short speech with, “I want only to see justice
done.” The court found in his favour, and the provincial gov­
ernment was forced to change the regulation.
After the beginning of World War II, the tide in judicial
attitude turned totally against the Japanese Canadians, and
they lost every case. The most important case had to do with
the legality of government's decision to deport 10,000 Japa- nese Canadians after the war.
Public pressure forced Prime Minister Mackenzie King
to refer the question to the Supreme Court of Canada. In a
shocking decision, the judges of the Supreme Court decided
the deportation orders were valid, though they had been pre­
sented with no evidence that Japanese Canadians were in any
way a security threat to the country. The Co-Operative Com­
mittee on Japanese Canadians decided to appeal this deci­
sion to the Privy Council in England. As in the Tomey Homma
case 45 years earlier, the English court upheld the discrimi­
natory law. By the time of this decision, over 4,000 people had
been induced to “voluntarily” leave Canada and King was free
to deport the rest. However, King never did realize his plan, for
public pressure, organized by the Japanese Canadians with
the support of the Co-Operative Commonwealth Federation
(forerunner of the N.D.P.), churches, labour bodies, the Ca­
nadian Jewish Congress and civil liberties groups, made the
move too unpopular.—
Two lesser known court cases dealt with property losses
arising from the war. In 1944, four Japanese Canadians, Eiki­
chi Nakashima, Tadao Wakabayashi, and Jitaro and Takejiro
Tanaka, went to court to prevent the sale of their property.
Unfortunately the case was heard before President Thorson,
a judge who had been a member of the cabinet which had
made many of the anti-Japanese orders. A sympathetic deci­
sion could not be expected from such a person and none was
forthcoming. Thorson threw but the case of the Japanese Canadians on a technicality. What was most disturbing was that
Thorson heard this case in May 1944 but did not hand down a
decision until August, 1947. The judge had succeeded in plac­
ing the case in a legal limbo so that no appeal was possible,
thus ensuring that the government confiscation of properties
~

(Cont. on page 2)

Shin Imai is a member of
Sodan-Kai which organized a
meeting on Japanese Can. adian Redress to discuss the
community's position and
options. The meeting is on
May 15, 1983 at2‘30 p.m.,
at the Japanese Cultural
Centre, and is endorsed by
the Toronto J.C.C.A. You are
invited to hear the speak­
ers and have your say.

Shin Imai

The New
Canadian
An Independent Organ

for Canadians of Japanese Origin
|VOL. 47— NO. 34

TUESDAY, MAY 3, 1983

TORONTO |

J.C. couple donates mini-bus to
commemorate 55 years in Canada

WW2 Nikkei
treatment hit
by 17 senators
WASHINGTON — The U.S.
government' s role in the relo­
cation and detention of thou­
sands of Japanese Americans
during World War II was con­
demned in the U.S. Senate
(recently.

“The Congress supported
and the Supreme Court up­
held a policy that amounted
to the conviction without trial
of an entire ethnic group,
said Sen. Howard Metzen­
baum, a Democrat.

Metzenbaum led a two-hour'
Senate discussion of the re­
cent conclusions of the pre­
sidential commission which
called the wartime intern­
ment of 120,000 Japanese
American citizens and resident aliens “a g rave i njustice” to those of Japan­
ese ancestry and said it could
not be justified on military
grounds.
- “We cannot undo the wrong
that was done to them. But we
can go on record as recogni­
zing that a grevious wrong
was committed,” MetzenbaSALMON ARM, B.C. — Mr. and Mrs. Frank Imai cut the rib­
um said.
bon for the bus they donated to serve the North Shuswap
community while school principal, Harry Janzen, looks on.
, Sixteen other senators join­
SALMON ALM, B.C. - A 22
“It's been nicknamed The ed Metzenbaum, either in floor
speeches or in written notes
passenger mini bus was dedi- Imai Express,” said Janzen.
cated recently to serving the
The operation of the mini inserted in the Congressional
North Shuswap community, bus is funded by rental to Record, in condemning the
thanks to a Japanese Cana­ various groups and Janzen actions.
dian couple.
pointed out that teachers and
At the ceremony, students people in the North Shuswap
“It remains a shameful blot
from North Shuswap School community either have their
presented Mr. and Mrs. Frank class four licence or are in on the proud record of our
Imai with a plaque thanking the process of obtaining their nation's stand for liberty
around the globe,” said Sen.
them for their contribution to­ class four in order to drive th
Edward M. Kennedy.
wards the purchase of the bus.
mini bus. A commemorative
plaque Was also placed in the
school acknowledging the
Imai's support to the school.
The couple 's-son and grand­
son both attended the school.
North Shuswap principal
It was 1961. We were all so
By Roy Sato
Harry Janzen said the mini
young (and beautiful). Young
bus belongs to the North
Recently, I heard the sad
Shuswap Bus Society, form­ story of another young per­ parents, young parents-to-be,
or young unattached ready to
ed over a year ago by parents son's death’from leukemia,
fall in love. The future seem­
who wanted a suitable way of the still incurable cancer of
ed bright. One bothersome
transporting their children the blood. In August of 1980,
thing was that almost every
and other members of the people all across Canada wat­
week, the news media would
community to events out of ched a young man's Mara­
report about another giant
the area.
thon of Hope. When it ended
H-bomb being exploded in
Janzen said he was taken
near Thunder Bay, Ontario, it
by surprise last year when the was one of those moments in the atmosphere, somewhere
in Siberia. Within 24 hours,
Imais, arrived at the school our lives when time stops in
the jet-stream would carry
with a $10,000-cheque to get our hearts, forever.
the deadly radioactive clouds
the fund started. They told
Each time a young person
Janzen they wanted to donate is stricken with cancer, I think over Canada. For weeks there­
the money to commemorate of Mary Ishiura and Newton, after the rain would gently
their 55th year in Canada and two dedicated Buddhist mis- spread Strontium-90 on the
their 55th wedding anniver­ sionarier who served in the meadows, lakes and forests,
cities and people, and all
sary.
Toronto Buddhist Church for
From then on it was up to over 19 years. For many of us other creatures.
It was reported that this
the community to raise the in Toronto, those years were
dangerous radioactive ele­
remainder.
the very best years of our
ment was appearing in the
The North Shuswap Bus lives.
drinking water, the food, the
Society successfully raised
Let me tell you why a
an additional $11,000 over the . young person's affliction air. Even the milk from a
year and the mini bus was with cancer should trigger breast-feeding mother conCont. on page 3
purchased this spring.
memories of Mary Ishiura.

MARY ISHIURA

THE WAY SHE WAS

Page 2

THE
(Cont. from page 1)

Redress

NEW

Tuesday, May 3, 1983

CANADIAN

Mary Ishiura . .

(Continued from page 1)

The New Canadian
Established 1939 ■Second Class Maili No. 0366

ped. Many, many parents ut­
tained large amounts of it.
could proceed unhampered by court proceedings.
A member of Ethnic Press
tered a prayer of thanks. Mary
In spite of Thorson's decision, public pressure forced Scientists repeatedly warned
.Association of Ontario
and Newton, and Rabbi Fein­
King to set up the Bird Commission to provide compensation that many children being
and Canada Federation
berg,
helped
some
of
us
to
for property losses from the war. The commission awarded born at this time would even­
Publisher & Japanese Editor
do what seemed right.
only about $11/2 million — $1 million short of the amount of tually fall victim to leukemia,
Kenzo Mori
English
Editor*
In
1979,
with
the
thoughts
losses claimed, and millions more short of the actual losses. as a direct result of the Stron­
Kei Tsumura
of Ojodo and Onembutsu her
Though this compensation was only partial, all those making tium 90.
Published on Tuesdays and
Mary and Newton were not final meditation, Mary succlaims were forced to sign a release stating they were taking
Fridays
the money in full satisfaction of their losses.
like the traditionalistic mis­ cumed to cancer.
479 Queen Street West
Thank you, Mary, for all the
One of those appearing before the Bird Commission was sionaries who confined their
Toronto, Ont. M5V2A9
Torazu Iwasaki. He had had property on Saltspring Island activities mainly io Okio, Sek- good things — most of all,
PHONE 366-5005
memories of your generouwhich was confiscated by the Custodian of Enemy Alien Pro­ kyo, and meditation. They
Subscription in advance: $25.00
sity, good humour, and com­
perty in 1942. The property was put up for sale through the were not extremists by any
per year, $15.00 for six months
passion. \n Onembutsu, we
custodian's agent, G.C. Mouat. Mouat was also 20% owner means, but they were people
still meet every day. We'll
of Salt Spring Lands. Limited and sat on the board of direc- who did what their conscisee you in the western land.
tors of this company. Iwasaki's land was a good piece of ence made them do.
CLASSIFIED
real estate, so good that Mouat decided to buy the land
They led us along Toronto's
• If anyone is interested in help­
through his own company and sold the land to himself for University Avenue to march. ing leukemia victims, why not
$5,250. When the Bird Commission looked into this trans­ for Reverend Martin Luther donate your blood to the Red BILINGUAL Nisei, 60 years
Cross? People fighting this o|d & jn good health, looking
action, they decided the fair market value of the land had King's civil rights Crusades.
actually been much more. Iwasaki was awarded an extra Mary encouraged the forma­ disease need fresh blood that is for position. Toronto area,
less thatM hours ol It helps
^ 10; The New Cana$6,750, but before receiving any money he had signed one tion of the Toronto Dana. She
) ease the pain, and helps to
.
of the releases.
inspired this newly formed jtay alive another day.
dian.
* By 1967 the property on Saitspring Island was extremely women's group to positively
valuable. Iwasaki made a claim for a return of his land or help Tibetan refugee orphans
OPEN
$1.5 million ip compensation. He took his case up to the in unknown villages 10,000
Mon.-Fri. 12:00-2:30 5:00-10:00
Supreme Court of Canada but lost in all levels of the courts. miles away. Her infectious
Sat.
5:00-10:00
The judges stated that Iwasaki had signed away his rights optimism arid good humour,
Closed Sundays & Holidays
when he signed the release of the Bird Commission. They matched by Newton, was a
N
gave no significance to the fact that Mouat had acted in factor in inspiring the Tor­
EGLINTON AVE. EAST
conflict of interest and had partaken in a swindle involving onto Young Buddhist to seek
the property of an interned Japanese Canadian.
- and buy the Camp Lumbini
WICKSTEED
Cases histories such as these outline what sort of in
site at Wasaga.
w
justices were enacted or upheld by the courts in theirdealThe accomplishments of
ings with Japanese Canadians. More often than not, Japanese those 19 years are too many
o
Q
Canadians were able to secure a modicum of justice, not to list here. The most import­
through the courts but through collective political action. ant thing we all remember is
114 LAIRD DR. LEASIDE. ONTARIO
Points and specific case histories such as these are import­ that through Buddhist Faith,
PHONE: 421-6016
ant to remember when weighing the questions of redress for Mary was like a light that led
Japanese Canadians.
us onward to right thought
and right action.
The intolerable H - bomb
tests continued. Some bombs
were reported to be equal to
1
50 megatons of T.N.T., even^
100 megatons. Such a bomb
WITHIN THE BARBED WIRED FENCE

would be five thousand times
by Takeo Ujp Nakano $12.50
more powerful than the horri­
Siding; Doors; Thermal Windows
postage included $13.00 >
ble weapons which destroyed
And also Patio Doors.
■ ' Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
ALCAN AUTHORIZED DEALER
A committee of concerned
JAPANESE CANADIAN HISTORY
THERMAL WINDOW DEALER
Canadians decided to pro“THE ENEMY THAT NEVER WAS”
? test against the atmospheric
by Ken Adachi
tests. One of the leaders of
In paperback $8.50 (postage included)
this group was Rabbi Abra­
ham Feinberg, a hero to all
A BIOGRAPHY OF ISSEI PIONEER, RYUICHI YOSHIDA
Niseis who shall forever re­
“A Man of Our Times” by Rolf Knight & Maya Koizumi,
member him as one of the
$4.00 (Paper back with postagb)
very few Canadian religious
leaders who openly denoun­
ced the mass deportation
“OBASAN” by JOY KOGAWA,
of Japanese Canadians from
In paperback $8.50 (postage included)
You are invited to sip sake and sing
their homes on the B.C. coast,
along at Maiko, an authentic Karaoke
and the confiscation of pro­
Lounge. The Lounge is,a haven to which
perty, followed by 7 years of
Japanese businessmen ,retire, after a long
exile.
\
day, for refreshments and a light repast Mary and Newton organiz­
479 QUEEN STREET WEST
in its care-free atmosphere.
ed a group from the Toronto
TORONTO, ONT. M5V 2A9
Guests are provided with printed
Buddhist Church to march*
lyrics and microphones to sing the songs
with Rabbi Feinberg. I re­
with full orchestral accompaniment
member that on our bus to
that emanates from the Karaoke Stereo
The New Canadian
Niagara Falls, our compa- !
System, the only one of its kind in
nions were the famous musi- J
479 Queen St. West, Toronto, Ontario M5V2A9
Canada.
cians, the Travellers. We all ;
Everyone sounds good; this system is
sang songs as never before.
for which [ ] renew
’lease find enclosed $
echo-chambered to strengthen weak
There was a symbolic meet­
voices and adjusted to suit each singer's
my subscription, [ ] enter my subscription for
ing at the middle of the Peace
style.
Bridge. A march was held in
year(s)/months.
Truly a unique Japanese experience
Buffalo.

Sushi

-

^

BOOKS OF INTEREST TO
JAPANESE CANADIANS

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& HOME IMPROVEMENT
Tpl. 767-6372

Maiko at Furusato
401 Bloor Street East
967-0180

The New Canadian

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Happy Hour: Monday — Saturday 5:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m.

Doubles for singles prices on bar brand spirits.

Complimentary sushi tray
Printed lyrics in English & Romanized Japanese available.

An authentic Karaoke Lounge

Perhaps it was “a nothing”.
No one can tell if anyone's
effort was meaningful or effe­
ctive. Certainly some thought
it was nonsense. Some Otera
members were on the disap­
proving side. I can only recal
that the atmospheric testing
of H-bombs eventually stop-

$25.00 per year, $15.00 for six months
Name (Mr- Mrs. Miss)

Address

City

Prov.

Postal Code_

Page 3

Tuesday, May 3,1983

THE

NEW

CANADIAN

Pag^3.

Jpnz. wife joins husband BE BLOOD
in London — Singapore walk 2 DONORS^

TORONTOBUDDHISTCHURCH
918 Bathurst St., Toronto. Telephone 534-4302
Rev. Shbdo Tsunoda'
Rev. Orai Fujikawa
SUNDAY, MAY 8, 1983
Parents Day Service (Mother's Day)

By ANNE
TEMPELMAN-KLUIT
10:30 a.m. Sunday School _
BURNABY, B.C. — George
Meehan and his wife Yoshiko
11:00 a.m. English Service
1:00 p.m. Japanese Service
\
will soon set off from Liard
Hot Springs on the Alaska
Highway on the last leg of
ST. ANDREW'S JAPANESE CONGREGATION
a 30,000-kilometre, six-year
walking journey that was con­
ceived out of boredom.
HOWLAND AT BARTON STREETS
He hopes this time to take
Church School & Family Worship 11:30 a.m.
- his wife Yoshiko arid two
children with him in a rented
TEL. 654-5657 CHURCH OFFICE 536-5557
camper because he feels the
REV. ROLAND M.,KAWANO
children are “old enough” to
remember what they see.
On Jan. 26, 1977, Meehan
left Ushuaia, Argentina, and
started walking north to Point
BROADVIEW AT SIMPSON AVE.
Barrow, Alaska — a trek that
CHURCH School and WORSHIP Service, 2 p.m.
will be the longest recorded
Thursday: Prayer and Study Fellowship 7:45 p.m.
walk in history.
Friday Youth Group
.
Meehan, 30, a slim blonde
Englishman who spent the
Pastor: Stan Yokota, 265-3386,
.winter in Burnaby, said he
Assist. Pastor: Harry Yoshida, 461-1686
began the journey because
he was bored and decided to
break the walking record of
TORONTO JAPANESE SEVENTH-DAY
29,800 kilometres from Lon­
ADVENTIST CHURCH
don to Singapore.
“My journey has changed
Saturday 9:30 a.m. - Bible Study
from being something that
11:00 a.m.-Worship Preaching Service
nobody had ever done to a ce­
19 Mortimer Ave., Toronto —Tel. 491-6740
lebration of freedom, a celeb­
ALL WELCOME
ration of human beings,” he
said. “I have a strong domestic urge to settle down, have
a house one day. I'd like m/
kids to have piano and swim­
ming lessons, and I'd like to
sit under a tree and read a
English Service & Sunday School
book, I've spent half my adult
on Sundays at 10:30 a.m.
life at sea or on my journey.”
Meehan began his trek with
666 Victoria Park Ave., at Danforth ^Torqnto, Ont. *
Yoshiko, whom he met on a
stopover in Japan when he
~T worked on a cargo vessel and
married her six months into
the walk.
1^93 Danforth Ave., Toronto
Telephone 698-0633

ANGLICAN CHURCH

Toronto Japanese Gospel Church

SEICHO-NO-IE
TRUTH OF LIFE CHURCH

NIPPON VIDEO CENTRE
Video Tapes Rental from $4.00 per week
Panasonic Video Recorder Special $649.95

Yoshiko, who realized her
physical limitations, early on,
returned to Japan, but their
reunions have produced two *
children, aged four and three.
Alone, Meehan walked on
at a steady six-kilometres per
hour. He is on his 12th pair
of boots and breaking in the
13th and last. He admits wry­
ly, “I still get blisters.”
Meehan's journey has been
full of dangers, including a
time in the Darien Gap, in Col­
ombia, when he was attacked
by his “manic depressive”
guide. (He escaped to a near­
by village, he said.)
In July, 1979, Yoshiko and
their baby daughter, Ayumi
(Japanese for ‘walk’), joined
him in Panama City and they
spent the next three months
together. Yoshiko, again preg­
nant, with a son they named
Geoffrey Susumu, returned to
Japan and Meehan marched
on. He lived off his savings,
but when he reached the U.S.
he was nearly destitute.
“I tried to get sponsors —
I rang up all kinds of people,
but I had no luck. I crossed
the U.S. on $300,” he said.

Meehan crossed the north­
ern states and swung into
Saskatchewan, following the
Trans - Canada Highway to
Hope. He then headed north,
reaching Laird Hot Springs
before winter halted his walk.



i

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Page 4

THE

Page 4

NEW

Tuesday, May 3,1983

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NEW CANADIAN
479 Queen St. W.
Toronto M^ 2A9

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THE

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CANADIAN

Tuesday, May 3,1983